Penalties & Compliance

How to Respond to the $25,000 Form 5472 Penalty (2025-2026)

10 min readArticle
Decision path

Penalty exposure & response path

How a late or missed filing turns into a penalty — and how to respond.

  1. Identify the trigger

    Late filing, late payment, or an information-return miss.

  2. Quantify the exposure

    Penalties accrue per form and per period.

  3. File and pay

    Stop further accrual by getting current.

  4. Request relief

    Reasonable cause or first-time abatement, where eligible.

Key formsForm 5472Form 1120Notice response

Key Takeaways

  • The initial Form 5472 penalty is $25,000 and additional penalties can follow.
  • Reasonable-cause relief for information return penalties focuses on responsible behavior and mitigating facts.
  • Delinquent filings should be made through normal procedures if discovered proactively.
  • A penalty notice should be addressed quickly and with documentation.

The Form 5472 penalty starts at $25,000 and can grow

The Form 5472 instructions say a $25,000 penalty applies if the reporting corporation fails to file Form 5472 when due and in the manner prescribed, and the penalty also applies if required records are not maintained. If the failure continues for more than 90 days after IRS notification, additional $25,000 penalties can apply in 30-day increments.

This is why founders should take a first notice seriously instead of waiting to see whether it goes away.

What the IRS publicly says about relief

The IRS penalty-relief page explains that information return penalties can be relieved if the taxpayer acted responsibly before and after the failure and can also show significant mitigating factors or events beyond the taxpayer's control. The same page lists examples such as first-time filer status, good compliance history, actions by an agent, and problems accessing relevant business records.

That does not guarantee relief, but it tells you what kind of story the IRS expects to hear.

How to respond in a way that helps your file

If you discover the delinquency before an examination or criminal contact, the IRS delinquent international information return procedures say you should file through normal procedures and attach a reasonable-cause statement where relevant. If a notice has already been issued, call or respond promptly, keep a document set, and be prepared that penalties can be assessed before the reasonable-cause statement is fully considered.

A fast, documented response is usually much stronger than a defensive one.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the initial penalty for failing to file Form 5472?

The current Form 5472 instructions state that the initial penalty is $25,000 for failure to file when due and in the manner prescribed.

Can the Form 5472 penalty increase after the first notice?

Yes. The instructions say additional $25,000 penalties can apply if the failure continues for more than 90 days after IRS notification.

If I file late with a reasonable cause statement, am I guaranteed relief?

No. The IRS says penalties may still be assessed during processing and you may need to respond to correspondence and resubmit reasonable-cause information.

penaltiesabatementcomplianceIRS enforcement

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