Business Entity Types

Introduction to LLCs: What Is a Limited Liability Company? US Tax Explained

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Key Takeaways

  • LLCs provide limited liability — personal assets shielded from business debts
  • Pass-through taxation by default — no entity-level federal tax
  • No restrictions on foreign ownership
  • Foreign owners must file Form 5472 annually

What Is an LLC?

A Limited Liability Company (LLC) combines the liability protection of a corporation with the tax flexibility of a partnership. Members are generally not personally responsible for the company's debts.

Key Features

Limited liability, pass-through taxation by default, flexible management, no restrictions on member count or nationality, and simple formation requirements. Unlike corporations, LLCs do not require board meetings or formal governance.

LLCs for Foreign Owners

LLCs are the most popular entity for foreign entrepreneurs in the U.S. — no citizenship requirements. However, foreign owners must file Form 5472 with a pro forma Form 1120 annually for single-member LLCs.

Frequently Asked Questions

LLC vs corporation?

LLCs have pass-through taxation (no double taxation), flexible management, and allow foreign owners. C corporations face double taxation but offer more growth flexibility.

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